(1) THESE ARE THE NAMES OF THE FIRST men who were created and formed: the first man was Balam-Quitzé, the second, Balam-Acab, the third, Mahucutah, and the fourth was IquiBalam. These are the names of our first mothers and fathers. It is said that they only were made and formed, they had no mother, they had no father. They were only called men. They were not born of woman, nor were they begotten by the Creator nor by the Maker, nor by the Forefathers. Only by a miracle, by means of incantation were they created and made by the Creator, the Maker, the Forefathers, Tepeu and Gucumatz. And as they had the appearance of men, they were men; they talked, conversed, saw and heard, walked, grasped things; they were good and handsome men, and their figure was the figure of a man.

(8) [And in the fourth year he was born], and Shelah grew up and took to himself a wife, and her name was Mu'ak. the^daughter of KfiS&j his father's brother, in the one and "Ihirtieth-

(11) And he grew up, and dwelt in Ur of the Chaldees, near to the father of his wife's mother, and he worshipped idols, and he took to himself a wife in the thirty-sixth jubilee, in the fifth week, in the first year thereof, and her name was Mglka,* the daughter of Kab6r, the daughter of his fathers brother.

(1) Now we shall also tell the name of the father of Hunahpú and Xbalanqué. We shall not tell his origin and we shall not tell the history of the birth of Hunahpú and Xbalanqué. We shall tell only half of it, only a part of the history of his father. Here is the story. Here are the names of Hun-Hunahpú [and Vucub-Hunahpú], as they are called. Their parents were Xpiyacoc and Xmucané. During the night Hun-Hunahpú and Vucub-Hunahpú were born of Xpiyacoc and Xmucané. Well now, Hun-Hunahpú had begotten two sons; the first was called Hunbatz and the second Hunchouén. The mother of the two sons was called Xbaquiyalo. Thus was the wife of Hun-Hunahpú called. As for the other son, Vucub-Hunahpú, he had no wife; he was single.

(6) Now the Line of Tradition (vamia). — The son of Pautimashl [received this teaching] from the son of KatyayanI, the son of KatyayanI from the son of GautamI, the son of GautamI from the son of Bharadvajl, the son of Bharadvajl from the son of Parasari, the son of Parasarl from the son of Aupasvasti, the son of Aupasvasti from the son of Parasarl, the son of Parasaii from the son of KatyayanI, the son of KatyayanI from the son of Kausiki, the son of Kausiki from the son of AlambI and the son of VaiyaghrapadI, the son of VaiyaghrapadI from the son of Kanvl and the son of Kapl, the son of Kapl [a] from the son of Atreyl, the son of Atreyl from the son of GautamI, the son of GautamI from the son of Bharadvajl, the son of Bharadvajl from the son of Parasarl, the son of Parasari from the son of VatsI, the son of VatsI from the son of Parasari, the son of Parasarl from the son of VarkarunI, the son of VarkarunI from the son of VarkarunI, the son of VarkarunI from the son of ArtabhagI, the son of ArtabhagI from the son of SaungI, the son of SaungI from the son of Safikriti, the son of Sankritl from the son of AlambayanI, the son of Alambayani from the son of AlambI, the son of AlambI from the son of Jayanti, the son of JayantI from the son of Mandukayanl, the son of Mandukayanl from the son of Mandukl, the son of MandukI from the son of Sandill, the son of Sandill from the son of Rathltari, the son of Rathltari from the son of Bhalukl, the son of BhalukI from the two sons of Kraunciki, the two sons of Kraunciki from the son of Vaidribhati, the son of Vaidribhati from the son of Karsakeyi, the son of Karsakeyi from the son of Praclnayogl, the son of Praclnayogl from the son of Sanjivi, the son of Sanjivl from the son of Prasni, the Asurivasin, the son of Prasni from As u ray ana, Asurayana from Asuri, Asuri [3] from Yajfiavalkya, Yajnavalkya from Uddalaka, Uddalaka from Aruna, Aruna from Upavesi, Upavesi from Kusri, Kus*ri from Vajasravas, Vajasravas from Jihvavant Vadhyoga, Jihvavant Vadhyoga from Asita Varshagana, Asita Varshagana from Harita Kasyapa, Harita Kasyapa from Silpa Kasyapa, Silpa Kasyapa from Kasyapa Naidhruvi, Kasyapa Naidhruvi from Vac (Speech), Vac from AmbhinI, Ambhini from Aditya (the Sun). These white l sacrificial formulas (yajur) which come from Aditya are declared by Yajfiavalkya of the Vajasaneyi school. The line of tradition from Braluna

(8) In the twenty-ninth jubilee, in the first week, in the beginning thereof Arpachshad took to himself a wife and her name was RasijJLjJu [the daughter of Susan,] the daughter of ElamTand she bare him a son in the third year in this week, and he called his name Kainam.

(6) In this manner, then, came about the disappearance and end of Balam-Quitzé, Balam-Acab, Mahucutah, and Iqui-Balam, the first men who came there from the other side of the sea, where the sun rises. They had been here a long time when they died, being very old, the chiefs and sacrificers, as they were called.

(17) And the child grew and became an archer, and God was with him ; and his mother took him a wife from among the daughters of Egypt.

(44) Reuben, the first-born of Israel ; and these are the names of his sons : Enoch, and Pallu, and Hezron and Carmi — five.

(7) And these are the sons of Shem : Elam. and Asshur, and Arpachshad — this (son) was born two years after the flood — and Lud, and Aram.'

(4) And at the close of the 386-392 eighth jubilee Kenan took Mual&leth his sister to be AM- his wife, and she bare him a son in the ninth jubilee, 395 a.m. in the first week in the third year of this week, and 449-455 he called his name Mahalalel.

(2) And starting on their journey, they said: "We are going to the East, there whence came our fathers." So they said when the three sons set out. One was called Qocaib, and he was the son of Balam-Quitzé, of the Cavec. The one called Qoacutec was son of Balam-Acab, of the Nihaib; and the other called Qoahau, was son of Mahucutah, of the Ahau-Quiché.

(1) And as they had had a presentiment of their death, they counseled their children. They were not ill, they had neither pain nor agony when they gave their advice to their children. These are the names of their sons: Balam-Quitzé had two sons, Qocaib the first was called, and Qocavib was the name of the second son of Balam-Quitzé, the grandfather and father of those of Cavec. And these are the two sons which Balam-Acab begot, here are their names: Qoacul the first of his sons was called, and Qoacutec was the name of the second son of Balam-Acab [the founder] of those of Nihaib. Mahucutah had but one son, who was called Qoahau. Those three had sons, but Iqui-Balam did not have children. They were really the sacrificers, and these are the names of their sons.

Muhammad Shah was the last prince but one of the Khwarazm dynasty of Balkh, to which family both the poet's mother and grandmother belonged. He was the reigning prince in AD. 1209, the year in which the poet's father fled from Balkh, and was defeated by Chingiz Khan a year or two later. In one of his campaigns Muhammad Shah captured the city of Sabzawar, in Khorasan, which city as inhabited by Rafizis or rank Shi'as, naturally most obnoxious to a Sunni prince claiming descent from the first Khahif Abu Bakr. After the city was taken the inhabitants came out, and proceeded with all humility to beg their lives, offering to pay any amount of ransom and tribute that he might impose upon them. But the prince replied that he would spare their lives only on one condition, viz., that they produced from Sabzawar a man bearing the name Abu Bakr. They represented to him that it would be impossible to find in the whole city a single man bearing a name so hateful to the Shi'as; but the prince was inexorable, and refused to alter the conditions. So they went and searched all the neighbourhood, and at last found a traveler lying at the roadside at the point of death, who bore the name of Abu Bakr. As he was unable to walk, they placed him on a bier and carried him into the king's presence. The king reproached them for their contempt and neglect of this pious Sunni, the only true heart amongst them, and reminded them of the saying of the Prophet, "God regards not your outward show and your wealth, but your hearts and your deeds." In this parable, says the poet, Sabzawar is the world, the poor Sunni the man of God, despised and rejected of men, and the king is God Almighty, who seeks a true heart amongst evil men.

(7) They were, then, very happy when they had overcome all the tribes, whom they destroyed there on the mountaintop. In this way they carried out the destruction of the tribes, of all the tribes. After this their hearts rested. And they said to their sons that when they [the tribes] intended to kill them, the hour of their own death was approaching. And now we shall tell of the death of Balam-Quitzé, Balam-Acab, Mahucutah, and IquiBalam, as they were called.

(38) And Balaq died, and Jobab, the son of Zara. of Bser, reigned in his stead.

(10) And in the three and thirtieth jubilee, in the first year in the second week, Peleg took to himself a wife, whose name was LrmijLJ}ieLjiaji^^ and she bare him a son in the fourth year of this week, and he called his name Reu ; for he said : Behold the children of men have become evil s through the wicked purpose of building for themselves a city and a tnwpr jp the land of Shinar."

(38) And 'Adath died, and Salman, from 'Amaseqa, reigned in his stead.

(38) And 'Asam died, and 'Adath, the son of Barad, who slew Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead, and the name of his city was Avith.

(44) And these are the names of the sons of Naphtali : Jahziel, and Guni, and Jezer, and Shallum, and 'Iv.