(42) The Egyptian devil, Typhon, was often symbolized by the Set monster whose identity is obscure. It has a queer snoutlike nose and pointed ears, and may have been a conventional hyena. The Set monster lived in the sand storms and wandered about the world promulgating evil. The Egyptians related the howling of the desert winds with the moaning cry of the hyena. Thus when in the depths of the night the hyena sent forth its doleful wail it sounded like the last despairing cry of a lost soul in the clutches of Typhon. Among the duties of this evil creature was that of protecting the Egyptian dead against: grave robbers.

(21) "Yet another view held in primitive times was that the sky was a vast meadow over which a huge beetle crawled, pushing the disk of the sun before him. This beetle was the Sky-god, and, arguing from the example of the beetle (Scarabæus sacer), which was observed to roll along with its hind legs a ball that was believed to contain its eggs, the early Egyptians thought that the ball of the Sky-god contained his egg and that the sun was his offspring. Thanks, however, to the investigations of the eminent entomologist, Monsieur J. H. Fabre, we now know that the ball which the Scarabæus sacer rolls along contains not its eggs, but dung that is to serve as food for its egg, which it lays in a carefully prepared place."

(31) In his Chaldean Account of the Genesis, George Smith, copying from the cuneiform cylinders, in describing the wanderings of the hero Izdubar (Nimrod), throws some light on the scorpion god who guards the sun. The tablet which he translated is not perfect, but the meaning is fairly clear: "* * * who each day guard the rising sun. Their crown was at the lattice of heaven, under hell their feet were placed [the spinal column]. The scorpion man guarded the gate, burning with terribleness, their appearance was like death, the might of his fear shook the forest. At the rising of the sun and the setting of the sun, they guarded the sun; Izdubar saw them and fear and terror came into his face." Among the early Latins there was a machine of war called the scorpion. It was used for firing arrows and probably obtained its name from a long beam, resembling a scorpion's tail, which flew up to hurl the arrows. The missiles discharged by this machine were also called scorpions.

(593) 1627 To say: Stand up, give thine arm to Horus; he causes thee to stand up. 1627 Geb has wiped thy mouth for thee. 1628 The Great Ennead avenged thee; 1628 they placed Set under thee, that he may serve under thee; 1628 they prevented his spittle from spilling on thee. 1629 Nut throws herself upon her son, who is in thee; she protects thee; 1629 she defends thee; she embraces thee; she raises thee up, 162 91 for thou art the greatest among her children. 1630 Two sisters, Isis and Nephthys, come to thee; 1630 they hasten to the place in which thou art. 1630 Thy sister Isis laid hold of thee, when she found thee 1630 complete and great, in thy name of "Great black." 1631 Encircle all things in thine arms, in thy name of "Circle which encircles the nb.wt"; 1631 thou art great, in thy name of "Great circle which sets." 1632 Horus has brought Set to thee; he has given him to thee; he bends (him) under thee; 1632 thy strength is greater than his. 1632 Horus has caused thee to encircle all the gods, in thine arms. 1633 Horus has loved his father, in thee; Horus has not suffered thee to go away; 1633 Horus has not gone away from thee; Horus has avenged his father, in thee. 1633 Thou livest as the coleoptera (lives); thou endures, in Mendes. 1634 Isis and Nephthys protected thee in Si�t, 1634 even their lord in thee, in thy name of "Lord of Si�t"; 1634 even their god in thee, in thy name of "Divine canal"; 1635 they adored thee, so that thou shalt not (again) withdraw from them. 1635 Isis comes to thee rejoicing for love of thee; 1636 thy semen goes into her, while it is pointed like Sothis. 1636 Horus the pointed has come forth from thee, in his name of "Horus who was in Sothis." 1637 Thou art pleased with him, in his name of "Spirit who was in the dndr.w-boat"; 1637 Horus has avenged thee, in his name of "Horus, the son, who avenges his father."

(27) its wings, which stretch out as glorious colors on each side of its body--the solar globe--and that when it folds its wings under its dark shell at sunset, night follows. Khepera, the scarab-headed aspect of Ra, is often symbolized riding through the sea of the sky in a wonderful ship called the Boat of the Sun.

(17) Several ancient authors, including Macrobius, have affirmed that Serapis was a name for the Sun, because his image so often had a halo of light about its head. In his Oration Upon the Sovereign Sun, Julian speaks of the deity in these words: "One Jove, one Pluto, one Sun is Serapis." In Hebrew, Serapis is Saraph, meaning "to blaze out" or "to blaze up." For this reason the Jews designated one of their hierarchies of spiritual beings, Seraphim.

(71) Thus on the fourth day, in the anxious birth or geniture of this world, in the middle point or centre of this world, the SUN is sprung up, and stands still in its eternal, corporeal place; for it cannot rise up in one place, and set in another.

(18) That sprang up first, in the kindling of the sun out of the chamber of death, and was an awakener or rouser of death, and a beginner of life, and climbed up aloft very fiercely, and trembling, till the light of the sun laid hold on it, and affected or possessed it; and there it was caught or captivated by the meekness of the light, and stayed; from which the planet Mars came to be.

(4) Before the sun rose, damp and muddy was the surface of the earth, before the sun came up; but then the sun rose, and came up like a man. And its heat was unbearable. It showed itself when it was born and remained fixed [in the sky] like a mirror. Certainly it was not the same sun which we see, it is said in their old tales.

(13) And) mankind beheld the Sun-god 1 in the gate of his going forth

(610) 1710 To say: Wake up for Horus; stand up before Set; 1710 raise thyself up, eldest son of Geb, 1710 before whom the Two Enneads tremble. 1711 (The keeper) of the palace stands up before thee, so that the three beginnings (of the divisions of the year) may be celebrated for thee. 1711 Thou dawnest on the (first of the) month; thou purifiest thyself on the day of the new-moon. 1711 The great mni.t (-stake) mourns for him, 1711 as for "Thee who standest without being tired," who resides in Abydos. 1712 Earth, hear that which the gods have spoken, what Horus says as he spiritualizes his father, 1712 like Horus- and like Min (or, Amn), 1712 like Seker who is at the head of Pdw-s. 1713 The earth speaks to thee: "The door of Aker is open for thee; the double doors of Geb are open for thee. 1713 Thou goest forth at the voice (of Anubis), for he has spiritualized thee, 1713 like Thot, (or) like Anubis, prince of the court of justice (or, divine court), 1714 that thou mayest judge, that thou mayest lean upon the Two Enneads, 1714 who are between the two sceptres, in this thy dignity of spirit, commanded by the gods to be in thee. 1715 If thou goest, Horus goes; if thou speakest, Set speaks; 1715 if thy step be hindered, the step of the gods will be hindered. 1716 Thou approachest the lake; thou advancest to the t wr, the Thinite nome; 1716 thou passest through Abydos, in this thy dignity of spirit., commanded by the gods to be in thee. 1717 A ramp is trodden for thee to the D.t to the place where is. 1717 The ox of heaven seizes thine arm; 1717 thou nourishest thyself with the food of the gods. 1718 The odour of Ddwn is on thee, the Upper Egyptian Youth, who is come from Nubia; 1718 he gives thee the incense wherewith the gods cense themselves. 1719 The two children (twins?) of the king of Lower Egypt have given birth to thee-- 1719 (they) who are on (his) head, (he) the lord of the great crown. 1719 R` calls to thee out of the 'iskn of heaven, 1719 as the jackal (god), nome-governor (of the Bows), the Two Enneads, 1719 as Horus who presides over his, abode (or thigh-offering). 1719 He appoints thee as the morning star (lit. god of the morning) in the midst of the Marsh of Reeds. 1720 The portal of heaven is open for thee towards the horizon; 1720 the heart of the gods rejoice at thy approach, 1720 as a star which ferries over the ocean which is under the underpart of Nut, 1720 in this, thy dignity issuing from the mouth of R`. 1721 Thou sittest upon this thy firm throne, like the Great One who is in Heliopolis; 1721 thou leadest the spirits (spiritualized ones); thou satisfiest the imperishable stars. 1722 Thine abundance is in that herb in which the gods, abound, 1722 and on which the spirits nourish themselves; 1722 thine eyes are opened by the earth, thy limbs are gathered up by the lord of (bw.t) the rebel city. 1723 Raise thyself up (like) nti-m (chief of Letopolis), 1723 when the great bread and this wine-like water were given to him. 1723 The 'im-trees serve thee, the nb-tree, bows its head to thee; 1723 a royal offering will be given to thee, such as Anubis will do for thee. 46. TEXTS OF MISCELLANEOUS CONTENTS,

(36) The important point to be remembered is that when the sun was said to be in a certain sign of the zodiac, the ancients really meant that the sun occupied the opposite sign and cast its long ray into the house in which they enthroned it. Therefore, when it is said that the sun is in Taurus, it means (astronomically) that the sun is in the sign opposite to Taurus, which is Scorpio. This resulted in two distinct schools of philosophy: one geocentric and exoteric, the other heliocentric and esoteric. While the ignorant multitudes worshiped the house of the sun's reflection, which in the case described would be the Bull, the wise revered the house of the sun's actual dwelling, which would be the Scorpion, or the Serpent, the symbol of the concealed spiritual mystery. This sign has three different symbols. The most common is that of a Scorpion, who was called by the ancients the backbiter, being the symbol of deceit and perversion; the second (and less common) form of the sign is a Serpent, often used by the ancients to symbolize wisdom.