(23) For calamity followeth on calamity, and wound on wound, and tribulation on tribulation, and evil tidings on evil tidings, and illness on illness, and all evil judgments such as these, one with another, illness and over- throw, and snow and frost and ice, and fever, and chills, and torpor, and famine, and death, and sword, and captivity, and all kinds of calamities and pains." *

(21) A single henchman of the king handles a crowd rudely; and the throng, looking on from afar, dares not shew sign of passion; for he is not alone, the king's power is his strength. And likewise thou mayst not dishonour him who wrongs thee because he is weak; for the warders of hell and the Merciful Ones are his strength. Then let us seek the favour of creatures, as a servant the favour of a wrathful king. Can a king in his anger bring upon us the anguish of hell, which we shall bear for making creatures sorrowful? Can a king in his pleasure bestow aught equal to Enlightenment, which we shall bear for making creatures happy? But beside the destined Enlightenment that springs from kindness to creatures, seest thou not that herein lie fortune, glory, comfort? Favour, health, joy, long life, and abounding delight of empire fall to the lot of the patient man in the course of his lives,

(23) Their eyes and ears are open and the snare is in front, Yet they fly into the snare with their own wings! Comparison of the divine decrees to something that is hidden, yet whose effects are seen. Behold that king's son clad in rags, With bare head and fallen into distress; Consumed by lusts and riotous living, Having sold all his clothes and substance; Having lost house and home, utterly disgraced, If he sees a pious man he cries, "O sir, Aid me, for the love of God;

(68) If not, then a Hell or Hole, Burrow or Dungeon, shall be given to him for an everlasting Prison, and there shall He together with his Sons be Prisoners for ever: And you shall take heed lest a Court of Justice be held, and pass upon you also.

(11) Yea, these will destroy my life, for they consult with the great of the wicked (enlightening themselves by their words ). And they are seizing away the gifts of inherited treasures from both household-lord and from house-wife ; (wretched men that they are), and those who will fiercely wound (my folk, repelled and in no way kindly moved) by the better mind of the holy .

(8) And as to him who (now by evil power) delivers up my settlements to harm, let not his burning (wrath) in deeds attain me. But bearing back the (evil will and evil influence of such), let these things come (back) to him in anger. Let that to his body come which holds from welfare; but let no (help) at all (approach him, which may) keep him back from misery. (And let this happen as I speak) from (vengeful) hate, O Lord!

(87) It is true indeed, when the World became so evil, malicious, and murderous, then there must needs be Judges and Magistrates, that the fierce Wrath might be stopped by Punishment and Fear; but if thou hadst continued in Love, then thou shouldst have had no Lords, but loving Brothers and Sisters. O Cain! thy potent Kingdom comes not from God, but has its Influence from the starry Heaven in Anger, which domineers over thee, and many Times gives thee Tyrants, who consume thy Sweat in Pride, and this thou hast for thy Paradise.

(34) the Birth or Geniture of Light, Munificence, and Well-doing, to be an eternal hellish Pain and Torment; the Food of pleasing Relish to be an eternal Abomination and Stink, a Loathing of all Fruits; and the House of Lebanon and Cedars to be a stony and rocky House of Fire; the sweet Scent or Relish to be a Stink, and a House of Ruin and Desolation, an End of all Good; the divine Love to be a black, cold, hot, eating, corroding, and yet not consuming Devil, who is an Enmity against God and his Angels; and so he has all the heavenly Hosts or Armies against him. Note, observe. [Note, observe.]

(4) This chapter contains one of those threats (of which there are other instances) made to the gods. The speaker is in fact so identified with divinity that any evil which happens to him must be conceived as involving the same calamity to the gods and to the universe

(13) Favour and disgrace would seem equally to be feared; honour and great calamity, to be regarded as personal conditions (of the same kind). What is meant by speaking thus of favour and disgrace? Disgrace is being in a low position (after the enjoyment of favour). The getting that (favour) leads to the apprehension (of losing it), and the losing it leads to the fear of (still greater calamity):--this is what is meant by saying that favour and disgrace would seem equally to be feared. And what is meant by saying that honour and great calamity are to be (similarly) regarded as personal conditions? What makes me liable to great calamity is my having the body (which I call myself); if I had not the body, what great calamity could come to me? Therefore he who would administer the kingdom, honouring it as he honours his own person, may be employed to govern it, and he who would administer it with the love which he bears to his own person may be entrusted with it.

(24) In other cases, of persons of much evil karma, karmically-pvoduced flesh-eating rakshasas [or demons] bearing various weapons will utter, 'Strike! Slay!' and so on, making a frightful tumult. They will come upon one as if competing amongst themselves as to which [of them] should get hold of one. Apparitional illusions, too, of being pursued by various terrible beasts of prey will dawn. Snow, rain, darkness, fierce blasts [of wind], and hallucinations of being pursued by many people likewise will come; [and] sounds as of mountains crumbling down, and of angry overflowing seas, and of the roaring of fire, and of fierce winds springing up.

(23) And a great punishment will befall the deeds of this generation 1 Internecine strife is a standing feature in such eschato- logical passages; cf. Ezra vi. ; Matt. xxiv. ; Ap. Bar., lxx. -4. from the Lord, and He will give them over to the sword and to judgment and to captivity, and to be plundered and devoured.

(41) In like manner it went on till the time of Mustafa And Abu Jahl, that prince of iniquity. Likewise did God ordain a punishment for the Thamud, Namely, an earthquake which destroyed their lives. Likewise a punishment for the Adites, Namely, a swiftly rising and violent wind. Likewise God ordained acute punishment for Qarun; For the earth concealed wrath under its mildness, Till all its mildness was converted into wrath, So with the mouthful which nourishes your body

(3) "Barren land, leaky roofs, want of food and clothing, inability to meet taxation, quarrels of wives and concubines, no precedence between young and old,—such are the sorrows of the people. "Capacity unequal to one's duties, and inability to carry on routine work, absence of clean-handed ness, and carelessness among subordinates, lack of distinction and want of preferment,—such are the sorrows of ministers. "The Court without loyal ministers and the State in rebellion, the artisan unskilful and the tribute unsatisfactory, the periodical levées unattended and the Son of Heaven displeased,—such are the sorrows of the princes. "The two great principles of nature working inharmoniously, heat and cold coming at irregular seasons so that men and things suffer, the princes rebellious and fighting among themselves so that the people perish, music and ceremonies ill regulated, wealth dissipated, the relationships of man disregarded, the masses sunk in immorality,—such are the sorrows which fall to the share of the Son of Heaven. "But now you, Sir, occupying neither the more exalted position of ruler nor performing the subordinate functions of minister, nevertheless take upon yourself to regulate music and ceremonies and to distinguish the relationships of man, in order to reform the masses. Are you not travelling out of your own sphere? "Further, men have eight blemishes, and there are four things which obstruct business. These should be investigated. "Meddling with matters which do not matter to you, is prying. "To push one's way in, regardless of neglect, is to be forward. "To adapt one's thoughts and arrange one's words, is sycophancy. "To applaud a person, right or wrong, is flattery. "To love speaking evil of others, is slander. "To sever friendships and break ties, is mischievousness. "To praise people falsely with a view to injure them, is malice.

(170) O Security! the Devil watches for thee. O High-mindedness! thou art a hellish Fire. O Beauty, Pomp, or Bravery! thou art a dark Valley. O Potency of Dominion! thou art a Raging and Tearing of the hellish Fire. O Self-Vindication or Vengeance! thou art the fierce Wrath of God.

(51) The king's place is the throne, the horse's the gate. What is justice but putting each in his place? What injustice but putting each in what is not his place? Nothing is vain of all that God has created, Whether vengeance or mercy, or plain dealing or snares. Not one of all these is good absolutely, Each is harmful or beneficial according to its place, Ah! many are the chastisements sent to the poor Which are more beneficial to him than bread and sweets; Because sweets out of season excite biliousness,

(8) And some say that plagues, and hail-storms, and tempests, and the like, are wont to take place, not alone in consequence of material disturbance, but also through anger of demons and bad angels. For instance, they say that the Magi at Cleone, watching the phenomena of the skies, when the clouds are about to discharge hail, avert the threatening of wrath by incantations and sacrifices.

(2) For nothing does torment him more, than when his Glory is upbraided to him, by signifying what a glorious King and Prince he has been: When this is objected to him, then he is in a Rage and Madness, as if he would storm and overthrow all the World.

(95) Woe to those who build their houses with sin; For from all their foundations shall they be overthrown, And by the sword shall they fall. [And those who acquire gold and silver in judgement suddenly shall perish.]

(30) For there will be plague upon plague, and curse upon curse, and every judgment and plague and curse will come (upon him) : if he do this thing, or hide his eyes from those who commit uncleanness, or those who defile the sanctuary of the Lord, or those who profane His holy name, (then) will the whole nation together be judged for all the uncleanness and profanation of this (man).