e. from being a 'householder' (grhastka) he is going on to be an 'anchorite' (vanajbrastha) in the order of the £ four stages.' a From the more simple, general conception of brahma as ' devotion * and Lo, verily, not for love of the worlds are the worlds dear, but for love of the Soul the worlds are dear. Lo, verily, not for love of the gods are the gods dear, but for love of the Soul the gods are dear. Lo, verily, not for love of the beings (bhuta) are beings dear, but for love of the Soul beings are dear. Lo, verily, not for love of all is all dear, but for love of the Soul all is dear. priesthood or 'the Brahman class.' Likewise from the more simple, general conception of ksatra as ' rule' was developed^ more specific, technical application, The trend of this process is discernible in the Rig- Veda at i. 157. 2, the earliest instance where the two words are associated. Various stages may be noted in other passages where the two words are connected. In the Atharva-Veda at 1 5 8 they would seem to be used (unless, indeed, figuratively) in the primary, non- technical sense, for they are mentioned along with othei qualities of a Kshatnya. But the technical significance is evident in AV. 2. 15. 4 and 15. 10. 2-; while m AV. 9. 7. 9 the social classes as such are unmistakably emphasized. Similarly in the Vajasaneyi-Samhita: — in 19. 5 the primary meaning is dominant; in 5. 2,

Austerity the second, and to dwell as a Brahmakârin in the house of a tutor, always mortifying the body in the house of a tutor, is the third. All...

What people call sacrifice (yagña), that is really abstinence (brahmakarya). For he who knows, obtains that (world of Brahman, which others obtain by...

Brahmâ (Hiranyagarbha or Paramesvara) told this to Pragâpati (Kasyapa), Pragâpati to Manu (his son), Manu to mankind. He who has learnt the Veda from...

The first part of the Vedas (Karma Kanda) deal with material things pertaining to the three Gunas. One should transcend the three Gunas, become free...

By means of it were created, at the beginning, the Brāhmins, the Vedas, and the Sacrifices....

The Lord said: Brahman is supreme, imperishable. Its essential nature is called Adhyatma (Self-knowledge); the act of sacrifice that causes the birth...

Him I call indeed a Brâhmana who has traversed this miry road; the impassable world and its vanity, who has gone through, and reached the other...

Endowed with a pure understanding, restraining the self with firmness, turning away from sound and other sense-objects, and abandoning love and...

How much more, then, if they be holy brāhmins or royal seers devoted to God! Having come into this transitory, joyless world, worship Me.

Arjuna! works for the different castes (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas and Sudras) are variously determined according to their nature born of Prakriti.

'He (Brahman) is the swan (sun), dwelling in the bright heaven; he is the Vasu (air), dwelling in the sky; he is the sacrificer (fire), dwelling on...

Let a Brâhmana, after he has examined all these worlds which are gained by works, acquire freedom from all desires. Nothing that is eternal (not...

The Devas, being afraid of death, entered upon (the performance of the sacrifice prescribed in) the threefold knowledge (the three Vedas). They...

Control of the internal and external organs, austerity, purity, forgiveness, integrity, knowledge of the Sastras, direct experience of the truth,...

These are the five men of Brahman, the doorkeepers of the Svarga (heaven) world. He who knows these five men of Brahman, the door-keepers of the...