← Back to Browse

Enuma Elish

Tablet I
Mesopotamian trans. Leonard William King • c. 12th-7th century BCE
1
When in the height heaven was not named
2
And the earth beneath did not yet bear a name
3
And the primeval Apsû, who begat them
4
And chaos, Tiamat, the mother of them both,—
5
Their waters were mingled together
6
And no field was formed, no marsh was to be seen
7
When of the gods none had been called into being
8
And none bore a name, and no destinies [were ordained
9
Then were created the gods in the midst of [heaven
10
Lahmu and Lahamu were called into being
11
Ages increased
12
Then Anshar and Kishar were created, and over them
13
Long were the days, then there came forth
14
Anu, their son
15
Anshar and Anu
16
And the god Anu
17
Nudimmud, whom his fathers [his] begetters
18
Abounding in all wisdom
19
He was exceeding strong
20
He had no rival
21
Thus) were established and [were ... the great gods (?
22
But T[iamat and Âpsû] were (still) in confusion
23
They were troubled and
24
In disorder(?
25
And Tiamat roared
26
Apsû was not diminished in might
27
She smote, and their deeds
28
Their way was evil
29
Then Apsû, the begetter of the great gods
30
Cried unto Mummu, his minister, and said unto him
31
"O Mummu, thou minister that rejoicest my spirit
32
"Come, unto Tiamat let us [go]!"
33
So they went and before Tiamat they lay down
34
They consulted on a plan with regard to the gods [their sons
35
Apsû opened his mouth [and spake
36
And unto Tiamat, the glistening one, he addressed [the word
37
" their way
38
"By day I cannot rest, by night [I cannot lie down (in peace
39
"But I will destroy their way, I will
40
"Let there be lamentation, and let us lie down (again in peace)."
41
When Tiamat [heard] these words
42
She raged and cried aloud
43
She ...] grievously
44
She uttered a curse, and unto [Apsû she spake
45
"What then shall we [do]?
46
"Let their way be made difficult, and let us [lie down (again) in peace]."
47
Mummu answered, and gave counsel unto Apsû
48
and hostile (to the gods) was the counsel Mu[mmu gave
49
"Come, their way is strong, but thou shalt destroy [it
50
"Then by day shalt thou have rest, by night shalt thou lie down (in peace)."
51
Apsû [hearkened unto] him and his countenance grew bright
52
Since] he (i.e. Mummu) planned evil against the gods his sons
53
he was afraid
54
His knees [became weak(?)], they gave way beneath him
55
Because of the evil] which their first-born had planned
56
their they altered(?
57
Lamentation they sat in [sorrow] '
58
they
60
Then Ea, who knoweth all that [is], went up and he beheld their muttering
62
his pure incantation
65
misery
67
Lines 68-82 are wanting
68
84
69
the god Anu
70
an aven]ger
72
and he shall confound Tiamat
73
he
74
for ever
75
the evil
76
he spake
77
" thy he hath conquered and
78
" he [weepeth] and sitteth in tribulation(?
79
" of fear
80
" we shall not lie down (in peace
81
" Apsû is laid waste(?
82
" and Mummu, who were taken captive, in
83
" thou didst
84
" let us lie down (in peace
85
" ... they will smite (?
86
" let us lie down (in peace
87
" thou shalt take vengeance for them
88
" unto the tempest shalt thou !"
89
And Tiamat hearkened unto] the word of the bright god, (and said
90
" shalt thou entrust! let us wage [war]!"
91
the gods in the midst of
92
for the gods did she create.'
93
They banded themselves together and] at the side of Tiamat [they] advanced
94
They were furious, they devised mischief without resting] night and [day
95
They prepared for battle], fuming and raging
96
They joined their forces] and made war
97
Ummu-Hubu]r, who formed all things
98
Made in addition] weapons invincible, she spawned monster-serpents
99
Sharp of] tooth, and merciless of fang
100
With poison instead of] blood she filled [their] bodies
101
Fierce [monster-vipers] she clothed with terror
102
With splendour] she decked them, [she made them] of lofty stature
103
Whoever beheld] them, terror overcame him
104
Their bodies reared up and none could withstand [their attack
105
She set] up vipers, and dragons, and the (monster) [Lahamu
106
And hurricanes], and raging hounds, and scorpion-men
107
And mighty [tempests], and fish-men, and[rams
108
They bore] cruel weapons, without fear of [the fight
109
Her commands [were mighty], [none] could resist them
110
After this fashion, huge of stature, [she made] eleven (monsters
111
Among the gods who were her sons, inasmuch as he had given [her support
112
She exalted Kingu; in their midst [she raised] him [to power
113
To march before the forces, to lead [the host
114
To give the battle-signal, to advance to the attack
115
To direct the battle, to control the fight
116
Unto him she entrusted; in [costly raiment] she made him sit, (saying
117
"I have uttered thy spell, in the assembly of the gods I have raised thee to power
118
"The dominion over all the gods [have I entrusted unto him
119
"Be thou exalted, thou my chosen spouse
120
"May they magnify thy name over all [of them ... the Anunnaki]."
121
She gave him the Tablets of Destiny, on [his] breast she laid them, (saying
122
"Thy command shall not be without avail, and[the word of thy mouth shall be established]."
123
Now Kingu, (thus) exalted, having received [the power of Anu
124
Decreed] the fate among the gods his sons, (saying
125
"Let the opening of your mouth [quench] the Fire-god
126
"Whoso is exalted in the battle, let him [display (his) might]!"